{"id":62165,"date":"2025-04-08T15:47:50","date_gmt":"2025-04-08T15:47:50","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2025-04-08T15:47:50","modified_gmt":"2025-04-08T15:47:50","slug":"%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%ac%d9%85%d9%87-%d9%81%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%b3%db%8c-%d9%85%d9%82%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%87-62165","status":"publish","type":"product","link":"https:\/\/express24.ir\/d\/product\/%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%ac%d9%85%d9%87-%d9%81%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%b3%db%8c-%d9%85%d9%82%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%87-62165\/","title":{"rendered":"\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 QEDCartographer: \u062e\u0648\u062f\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u062a\u0623\u06cc\u06cc\u062f \u0631\u0633\u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u062a\u0642\u0648\u06cc\u062a\u06cc \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u067e\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0634"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc <\/td>\nQEDCartographer: Automating Formal Verification Using Reward-Free Reinforcement Learning<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc <\/td>\n\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 QEDCartographer: \u062e\u0648\u062f\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u062a\u0623\u06cc\u06cc\u062f \u0631\u0633\u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u062a\u0642\u0648\u06cc\u062a\u06cc \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u067e\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0634<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u0646\u062f\u06af\u0627\u0646 <\/td>\nAlex Sanchez-Stern, Abhishek Varghese, Zhanna Kaufman, Dylan Zhang, Talia Ringer, Yuriy Brun<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0641\u0631\u0645\u062a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc <\/td>\nPDF<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u06cc\u0644\u06cc <\/td>\n\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0641\u0631\u0645\u062a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 <\/td>\n\u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0648\u0631\u062f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0646\u062d\u0648\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u06cc\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 <\/td>\n\u062f\u0648 \u062a\u0627 \u0633\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u0632 \u067e\u0633 \u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0628\u062a \u0633\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0634 (\u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0644\u0648\u062f\u06cc)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n15<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u06a9 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0644\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc<\/td>\n\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0644\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a <\/td>\nSoftware Engineering,Machine Learning,Programming Languages,\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u06cc \u0646\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u0631 , \u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u0646 , \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc ,<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u062a\u0648\u0636\u06cc\u062d\u0627\u062a <\/td>\nSubmitted 12 September, 2024; v1 submitted 17 August, 2024; originally announced August 2024. , Comments: Published in the International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE) 2025: Alex Sanchez-Stern, Abhishek Varghese, Zhanna Kaufman, Dylan Zhang, Talia Ringer, and Yuriy Brun, QEDCartographer: Automating Formal Verification Using Reward-Free Reinforcement Learning, in Proceedings of the 47th International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE), 2025<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u062a\u0648\u0636\u06cc\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc <\/td>\n\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u062f\u0647 12 \u0633\u067e\u062a\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024 \u061bV1 \u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u062f\u0647 17 \u0627\u0648\u062a 2024 \u061b\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627 \u0627\u0648\u062a 2024. \u060c \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u062a: \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0646\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u06cc \u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u06cc \u0646\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u0631 (ICSE) 2025: \u0627\u0644\u06a9\u0633 \u0633\u0627\u0646\u0686\u0632-\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0646 \u060c \u0627\u0628\u06cc\u0634\u06a9 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u06af\u0633\u0647 \u060c \u0698\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u06a9\u0627\u0641\u0645\u0646 \u060c \u062f\u06cc\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0698\u0627\u0646\u06af \u060c \u062a\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0627 \u0631\u06cc\u0646\u062c\u0631 \u0648 \u06cc\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u060c Qedcartographer: \u062e\u0648\u062f\u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0623\u06cc\u06cc\u062f \u0631\u0633\u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u067e\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0634-\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u062a\u0642\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u0631\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0646 \u060c \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a 47 \u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0646\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u06cc \u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u06cc \u0646\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u0631 (ICSE) \u060c 2025<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0639\u0644\u0645\u06cc <\/td>\n\n INSPIRE HEP<\/a>
\n
\n NASA ADS<\/a>
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>
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\n Semantic Scholar<\/a>
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\n arXiv<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\r\n\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n
\u0641\u0631\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 <\/td>\r\n \u062a\u062d\u0648\u06cc\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0648\u0631\u062f<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u06cc\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 <\/td>\r\n \u0628\u06cc\u0646 2 \u062a\u0627 3 \u0631\u0648\u0632 \u067e\u0633 \u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0628\u062a \u0633\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0634<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n\t
\u06a9\u06cc\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 <\/td>\r\n \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627. \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u06a9 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u06af\u0627\u0647\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n\t\t
\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0648 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0627 <\/td>\r\n \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0647 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0648 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0627 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u06cc\u0644\u06cc \u0648\u0631\u062f \u062f\u0631\u062c \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f.<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n<\/table>\r\n\r\n\n

\u0686\u06a9\u06cc\u062f\u0647<\/h2>\n

Formal verification is a promising method for producing reliable software, but the difficulty of manually writing verification proofs severely limits its utility in practice. Recent methods have automated some proof synthesis by guiding a search through the proof space using a theorem prover. Unfortunately, the theorem prover provides only the crudest estimate of progress, resulting in effectively undirected search. To address this problem, we create QEDCartographer, an automated proof-synthesis tool that combines supervised and reinforcement learning to more effectively explore the proof space. QEDCartographer incorporates the proofs’ branching structure, enabling reward-free search and overcoming the sparse reward problem inherent to formal verification. We evaluate QEDCartographer using the CoqGym benchmark of 68.5K theorems from 124 open-source Coq projects. QEDCartographer fully automatically proves 21.4% of the test-set theorems. Previous search-based proof-synthesis tools Tok, Tac, ASTactic, Passport, and Proverbot9001, which rely only on supervised learning, prove 9.6%, 9.8%, 10.9%, 12.5%, and 19.8%, respectively. Diva, which combines 62 tools, proves 19.2%. Comparing to the most effective prior tool, Proverbot9001, QEDCartographer produces 34% shorter proofs 29% faster, on average over the theorems both tools prove. Together, QEDCartographer and non-learning-based CoqHammer prove 30.3% of the theorems, while CoqHammer alone proves 26.6%. Our work demonstrates that reinforcement learning is a fruitful research direction for improving proof-synthesis tools’ search mechanisms.<\/p>\n

\u0686\u06a9\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc (\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u0646\u06cc)<\/h2>\n

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\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u060c \u0645\u0627 Qedcartographer \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u060c \u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u062f\u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u062a\u0632 \u0627\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u062a\u0631\u06a9\u06cc\u0628\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0648 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0634\u0641 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0631\u062a\u0631 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f.Qedcartografher \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f \u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062b \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f \u062c\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0648\u06cc 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\u06a9\u0646\u062f.\u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0646\u062a\u0632 \u0645\u0628\u062a\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u0631 \u062c\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0648 \u060c Tok \u060c TAC \u060c Astactic \u060c Passport \u0648 Preverbot9001 \u060c \u06a9\u0647 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u0647 \u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0645\u062a\u06a9\u06cc \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u060c \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u06cc\u0628 9.6 \u066a \u060c 9.8 \u066a \u060c 10.9 \u066a \u060c 12.5 \u066a \u0648 19.8 \u066a \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f.\u062f\u06cc\u0648 \u060c \u06a9\u0647 62 \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u06a9\u06cc\u0628 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u060c 19.2 \u066a \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f.\u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u0628\u0644\u06cc \u060c Propverbot9001 \u060c Qedcartografher 34 \u066a \u0627\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u06a9\u0648\u062a\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0631 29 \u066a \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639\u062a\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u060c \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u200b\u200b\u0628\u06cc\u0634 \u0627\u0632 \u0642\u0636\u06cc\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0631 \u062f\u0648 \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f.\u0628\u0627 \u0647\u0645 \u060c Qedcartograph \u0648 Coqhammer \u0645\u0628\u062a\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u0631 \u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 30.3 \u066a \u0627\u0632 \u0642\u0636\u06cc\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u060c \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 Coqhammer \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0646\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc 26.6 \u066a \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f.\u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u062a\u0642\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u06cc\u06a9 \u062c\u0647\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u0645\u062b\u0645\u0631 \u062b\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0647\u0628\u0648\u062f \u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0633\u0645 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0648\u06cc \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0646\u062a\u0632 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n\r\n\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n
\u0641\u0631\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 <\/td>\r\n \u062a\u062d\u0648\u06cc\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0648\u0631\u062f<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n
\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u06cc\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 <\/td>\r\n \u0628\u06cc\u0646 2 \u062a\u0627 3 \u0631\u0648\u0632 \u067e\u0633 \u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0628\u062a \u0633\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0634<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n\t
\u06a9\u06cc\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 <\/td>\r\n \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627. \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u06a9 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u06af\u0627\u0647\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n\t\t
\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0648 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0627 <\/td>\r\n \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0647 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0648 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0627 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u06cc\u0644\u06cc \u0648\u0631\u062f \u062f\u0631\u062c \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f.<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n<\/table>\r\n\r\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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