
{"id":320804,"date":"2025-12-04T19:30:31","date_gmt":"2025-12-04T20:30:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/express24.ir\/d\/product\/supercourse-0000015913\/"},"modified":"2025-12-21T09:23:31","modified_gmt":"2025-12-21T10:23:31","slug":"supercourse-0000015913","status":"publish","type":"product","link":"https:\/\/express24.ir\/d\/product\/supercourse-0000015913\/","title":{"rendered":"\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 GraphQL: \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f Schema \u0648 Type"},"content":{"rendered":"<div style=\"background: linear-gradient(135deg, #667eea 0%, #764ba2 100%); padding: 30px; border-radius: 15px; color: white; margin-bottom: 30px;\">\n<h2 style=\"color: white; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 20px;\">\ud83c\udf93 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634\u06cc \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639<\/h2>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div style=\"margin-bottom: 30px;\">\n<h3 style=\"color: #333; margin-bottom: 15px;\">\ud83d\udcda \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647<\/h3>\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.8;\"><strong>\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647:<\/strong> GraphQL: \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f Schema \u0648 Type<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.8;\"><strong>\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc:<\/strong> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.8;\"><strong>\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06cc:<\/strong> GraphQL<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin-bottom: 30px;\">\n<h3 style=\"color: #333; margin-bottom: 15px;\">\ud83d\udccb \u0633\u0631\u0641\u0635\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 (100 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639)<\/h3>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: none; padding: 0;\">\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">1.<\/span> \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0631 GraphQL \u0648 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u0686\u0647 \u0622\u0646\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">2.<\/span> \u0686\u0631\u0627 GraphQL\u061f \u0645\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u0647 \u0628\u0627 REST\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">3.<\/span> \u0645\u0634\u06a9\u0644\u0627\u062a N+1 \u0648 Over\/Under-fetching \u062f\u0631 REST\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">4.<\/span> \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc GraphQL: \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062a\u060c \u0633\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0648 Schema\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">5.<\/span> \u0633\u0647 \u0631\u06a9\u0646 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc: Query, Mutation, Subscription\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">6.<\/span> \u0622\u0634\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u0627 Schema Definition Language (SDL)\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">7.<\/span> \u0622\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0645\u062d\u06cc\u0637 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0647 (Node.js \u0648 \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645)\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">8.<\/span> \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0646 &quot;Hello, World!&quot; \u0628\u0627 \u06cc\u06a9 Schema \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">9.<\/span> \u0622\u0634\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631 GraphiQL\/Playground\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">10.<\/span> \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 Schema: Root Types\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">11.<\/span> \u0646\u0642\u0634 Type System \u062f\u0631 GraphQL\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">12.<\/span> \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 Strongly Typed \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0646 \u062f\u0631 GraphQL\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">13.<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 Schema \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u06cc (\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 GitHub API)\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">14.<\/span> \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 Introspection \u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0646\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">15.<\/span> \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0631 GraphQL: Scalar \u0648 Object\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">16.<\/span> \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 Scalar \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u200c\u0641\u0631\u0636: Int, Float, String, Boolean, ID\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">17.<\/span> \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f \u0646\u0648\u0639 ID \u0648 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0622\u0646 \u0628\u0627 String\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">18.<\/span> \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0646 Object Type\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">19.<\/span> \u0641\u06cc\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0627 (Fields) \u062f\u0631 Object Types\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">20.<\/span> \u062a\u0648\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0648 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 Object Types (Nested Types)\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">21.<\/span> \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0648\u062f\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u06cc\u062d\u0627\u062a (Descriptions) \u0628\u0647 Types \u0648 Fields\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">22.<\/span> \u0627\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a: [Type]\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">23.<\/span> \u0627\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc Non-Null: Type!\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">24.<\/span> \u062a\u0631\u06a9\u06cc\u0628 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627: [Type!]!\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">25.<\/span> \u0627\u0647\u0645\u06cc\u062a \u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f Non-Null \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0636\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">26.<\/span> \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0634\u06cc (Enum Types)\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">27.<\/span> \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 Enum \u062f\u0631 Schema\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">28.<\/span> \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f Scalar Type \u0633\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0634\u06cc (Custom Scalar Types)\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">29.<\/span> \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc: \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a Scalar \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e (Date)\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">30.<\/span> \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0646\u062c\u06cc \u0648 \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u0632 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u062f\u0631 Custom Scalars\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">31.<\/span> \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0639\u06cc: Interface \u0648 Union\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">32.<\/span> \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0648 \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc Interface\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">33.<\/span> \u0686\u0647 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0627\u0632 Interface \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645\u061f\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">34.<\/span> \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 Union Type\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">35.<\/span> \u0686\u0647 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0627\u0632 Union \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645\u061f\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">36.<\/span> \u0645\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u0647 Interface \u0648 Union: \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0647\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">37.<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 Type Conditions \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0648\u0626\u0631\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627 (&#8230; on Type)\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">38.<\/span> \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 Input Object Types\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">39.<\/span> \u0686\u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 Input Types \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0645\u061f\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">40.<\/span> \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u06cc\u06a9 Input Type \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc Mutation\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">41.<\/span> \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0646 Object Type \u0648 Input Type\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">42.<\/span> \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 Root Type: Query\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">43.<\/span> \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0648\u0626\u0631\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647 (Fetching a single item)\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">44.<\/span> \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a \u06a9\u0648\u0626\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627 (Fetching lists)\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">45.<\/span> \u0622\u0631\u06af\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 (Arguments) \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0641\u06cc\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0627\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">46.<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0631\u06af\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u062c\u0628\u0627\u0631\u06cc (Non-Null) \u0648 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u06cc (Nullable)\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">47.<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u200c\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0631\u06af\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">48.<\/span> \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 Types: \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u06cc\u06a9-\u0628\u0647-\u06cc\u06a9\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">49.<\/span> \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u06cc\u06a9-\u0628\u0647-\u0686\u0646\u062f\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">50.<\/span> \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0686\u0646\u062f-\u0628\u0647-\u0686\u0646\u062f\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">51.<\/span> \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 Resolver (\u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u060c \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u062a\u0626\u0648\u0631\u06cc)\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">52.<\/span> \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 Root Type: Mutation\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">53.<\/span> \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0646 Mutation: \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 (Create)\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">54.<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 Input Types \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0631\u06af\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc Mutation\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">55.<\/span> \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc Mutation \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0631\u0648\u0632\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 (Update)\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">56.<\/span> \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc Mutation \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 (Delete)\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">57.<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u06cc \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc Payload \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc Mutation\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">58.<\/span> \u0686\u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u06af\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u06cc \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u062f\u0631 Mutation \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u061f\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">59.<\/span> \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u062e\u0637\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0637\u062d Schema (\u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u062e\u0637\u0627)\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">60.<\/span> \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0631 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc (Pagination)\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">61.<\/span> \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0645\u0628\u062a\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u0631 Offset\/Limit\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">62.<\/span> \u0645\u0639\u0627\u06cc\u0628 Offset-based Pagination\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">63.<\/span> \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0645\u0628\u062a\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u0631 Cursor (Cursor-based Pagination)\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">64.<\/span> \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u06cc Cursor-based Pagination \u062f\u0631 Schema\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">65.<\/span> \u0622\u0634\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627\u062a Relay\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">66.<\/span> \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 Node Interface \u0648 Global Object Identification\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">67.<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u06cc Connection \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">68.<\/span> \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 Edge, Node, \u0648 PageInfo\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">69.<\/span> \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a \u06cc\u06a9 Connection Type \u062f\u0631 Schema\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">70.<\/span> \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0631 Directives\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">71.<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc Directives \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u200c\u0641\u0631\u0636: @include \u0648 @skip\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">72.<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc Directive \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u200c\u0641\u0631\u0636: @deprecated\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">73.<\/span> \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u06cc\u06a9 Directive \u0633\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0634\u06cc\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">74.<\/span> \u0645\u062d\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 Directive (Directive Locations)\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">75.<\/span> \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc: \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a Directive \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0647\u0648\u06cc\u062a (@auth)\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">76.<\/span> \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc: \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a Directive \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647 (@upper)\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">77.<\/span> \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 Root Type: Subscription\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">78.<\/span> \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc Schema \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0648\u06cc\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0646\u06af (Real-time)\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">79.<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0647\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc (Versioning) Schema\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">80.<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0641\u06cc\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc Deprecated \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 Schema\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">81.<\/span> \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u0634\u06a9\u0633\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0628\u0634\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0627 Nullability\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">82.<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 Union \u0648 Interface\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">83.<\/span> \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 Schema Stitching\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">84.<\/span> \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0631 Apollo Federation\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">85.<\/span> \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a Schema Stitching \u0648 Federation\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">86.<\/span> Schema-First vs. Code-First: \u0645\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0627 \u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u06cc\u0628\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">87.<\/span> \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647\u06cc \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc Schema: \u062a\u0642\u0633\u06cc\u0645\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0648 \u0645\u0627\u0698\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">88.<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc Linting \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc Schema\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">89.<\/span> \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0646\u0627\u0645\u200c\u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631\u06cc (Naming Conventions) \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc Types \u0648 Fields\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">90.<\/span> \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc Schema \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 Descriptions\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">91.<\/span> \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u062e\u0648\u062f\u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0632 Schema\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">92.<\/span> \u0627\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u062a Schema: \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0642 \u06a9\u0648\u0626\u0631\u06cc (Query Depth Limiting)\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">93.<\/span> \u0627\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u062a Schema: \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u06a9\u0648\u0626\u0631\u06cc (Query Complexity Limiting)\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">94.<\/span> \u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 Introspection \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u06cc\u0637 Production\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">95.<\/span> \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc Schema \u0628\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0646 Caching\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">96.<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0646\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0648 \u062a\u0633\u062a Schema\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">97.<\/span> \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc \u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0634\u06cc\u0648\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 (Best Practices) \u062f\u0631 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc Schema\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">98.<\/span> \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0698\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06cc: \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc Schema \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0634\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u0622\u0646\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u0646\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">99.<\/span> \u062c\u0645\u0639\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0648 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u06cc \u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\n                    <\/li>\n<li style=\"padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\">\n                        <span style=\"color: #667eea; font-weight: bold;\">100.<\/span> **\u067e\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc Directive\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0634\u06cc \u062f\u0631 GraphQL \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0646\u062c\u06cc \u0648 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0634\u062f\u0647**\n                    <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin-bottom: 30px;\"><!DOCTYPE html><br \/>\n<html lang=\"fa\"><br \/>\n<head><br \/>\n    <meta charset=\"UTF-8\"><br \/>\n    <meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0\"><br \/>\n    <title>GraphQL: \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f Schema \u0648 Type &#8211; \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u200c\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634\u06cc<\/title><br \/>\n    <meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0628\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634\u06cc GraphQL: \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f Schema \u0648 Type\u060c \u062d\u0631\u0641\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f \u0648 \u062f\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647\u200c\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u0633\u0645\u062a \u0633\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f. \u0627\u0632 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u062a\u0627 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc.\"><br \/>\n    <meta name=\"keywords\" content=\"GraphQL, \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634\u06cc GraphQL, \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 GraphQL, Schema GraphQL, Type GraphQL, \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc GraphQL, \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0647 \u0633\u0645\u062a \u0633\u0631\u0648\u0631, API GraphQL,GraphiQL, Node.js GraphQL, Resolvers, Queries, Mutations, Subscriptions, API Design\"><br \/>\n<\/head><br \/>\n<body><\/p>\n<article>\n<h2>GraphQL: \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f Schema \u0648 Type &#8211; \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0648\u06cc API\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0633\u0644 \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f<\/h2>\n<p>\n            \u0622\u06cc\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u06cc\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc API\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0646\u062a\u06cc \u062e\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc\u062f\u061f \u0622\u06cc\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u0627\u0647\u06cc \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0646\u060c \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0622\u0645\u062f \u0648 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0641\u200c\u067e\u0630\u06cc\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a API\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0647\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u062f\u061f GraphQL \u067e\u0627\u0633\u062e\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634\u06cc &#8220;GraphQL: \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f Schema \u0648 Type&#8221; \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0627\u0646\u06af\u06cc\u0632 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u062a\u0627 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0648 \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc Schema\u0647\u0627 \u0648 Type\u0647\u0627\u06cc GraphQL \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u06a9\u0646\u062f.\n        <\/p>\n<p>\n            \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0632\u060c \u0633\u0631\u0639\u062a\u060c \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0648 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0641\u200c\u067e\u0630\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0647 API\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0632\u0646\u062f. GraphQL \u0628\u0627 \u0631\u0648\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0628\u06cc\u060c \u0627\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062a \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f \u0648 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u06cc \u06cc\u0627 \u0646\u0627\u0642\u0635 \u062c\u0644\u0648\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u06cc\u0627\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0686\u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647 Schema\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0645\u0646\u062f \u0648 Type\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u200c\u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0644\u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631\u06a9 \u0639\u0645\u06cc\u0642\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0647 \u0648 \u0645\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u06cc GraphQL \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f API\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u0645 \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0641\u0639\u0644\u06cc \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0622\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0622\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0646\u062f.\n        <\/p>\n<h3>\u062f\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639<\/h3>\n<p>\n            \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634\u06cc &#8220;GraphQL: \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f Schema \u0648 Type&#8221; \u06cc\u06a9 \u0633\u0641\u0631 \u06af\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u06af\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0631 \u0642\u0644\u0628 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc API \u0628\u0627 GraphQL \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u06cc\u0627\u062f \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u062f \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a \u0686\u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 Schema \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u0686\u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 (Types) \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u062f \u0648 \u0686\u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0622\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u06a9\u0645 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc Schema \u0648 Type \u062a\u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0648 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc \u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u06cc\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634 \u062a\u0626\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f.\n        <\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u062f \u0622\u0645\u0648\u062e\u062a<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0648 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0647 GraphQL<\/li>\n<li>\u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0627\u0635\u0648\u0644\u06cc Schema<\/li>\n<li>\u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633\u06cc (Scalar Types)<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 Types \u0633\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0634\u06cc<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 Types: \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u060c Non-Null \u0648 \u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0647<\/li>\n<li>\u0634\u0646\u0627\u062e\u062a \u0648 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a Queries \u0648 Mutations<\/li>\n<li>\u062f\u0631\u06a9 \u0648 \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc Resolvers<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 Schema \u0648 Type<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0627\u06a9\u0648\u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 GraphQL<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0686\u0647 \u06a9\u0633\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u061f<\/h3>\n<p>\n            \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0647\u200c\u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0648\u0628 (\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u062a\u200c\u0627\u0646\u062f \u06cc\u0627 \u0628\u06a9\u200c\u0627\u0646\u062f) \u0647\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0642\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a API\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0622\u0645\u062f \u0648 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0646 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646:\n        <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0647\u200c\u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u06af\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u06a9\u200c\u0627\u0646\u062f:<\/strong> \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0646\u062f API\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0641\u200c\u067e\u0630\u06cc\u0631 \u0648 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0645\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0633\u0627\u0632\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0647\u200c\u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u06af\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u062a\u200c\u0627\u0646\u062f:<\/strong> \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631\u06a9 \u0639\u0645\u06cc\u0642\u200c\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0646\u062d\u0648\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0627 API\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u06cc\u0646\u0647\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0631\u0645\u200c\u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u0631:<\/strong> \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u0627\u0647\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0632\u06cc\u0639\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0648 API\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0642\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u200c\u067e\u0630\u06cc\u0631 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0647\u0631 \u06a9\u0633\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0647\u200c\u0645\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0647 API \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u0686\u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u06af\u0630\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f\u061f<\/h3>\n<p>\n            \u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc GraphQL \u0648 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0637 \u0628\u0631 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc Schema \u0648 Type\u060c \u06cc\u06a9 \u0633\u0631\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0647\u200c\u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0631\u0632\u0634\u0645\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u063a\u0644\u06cc \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0633\u062a. GraphQL \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u0634\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a API\u0647\u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u0634\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0648 \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f. \u0628\u0627 \u06af\u0630\u0631\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0648\u062f:\n        <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>API\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0641\u0648\u0642\u200c\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u062f:<\/strong> \u0628\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632\u060c \u0633\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0627\u0647\u0634 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0641\u200c\u067e\u0630\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u062d\u062f\u0627\u06a9\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/strong> \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0686\u06cc\u0632\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0647 \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f\u060c \u062f\u0631\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0641\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/strong> \u0628\u0627 Schema\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0648 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u06cc GraphQL\u060c \u0647\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u06cc\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u0628\u0648\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06cc\u0627\u0628\u062f.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u0628\u0648\u062f \u0628\u062e\u0634\u06cc\u062f:<\/strong> \u0628\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0648 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0648\u0627\u06a9\u0646\u0634\u200c\u06af\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u062f.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0632 \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f:<\/strong> \u0628\u0627 \u06a9\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u067e\u0631\u0637\u0631\u0641\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0645\u0642\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u200c\u067e\u0630\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0636\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/strong> GraphQL \u0628\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u0628\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u0631\u0634\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u06af\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u0633\u0631\u0641\u0635\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 (\u0628\u06cc\u0634 \u0627\u0632 100 \u0633\u0631\u0641\u0635\u0644)<\/h3>\n<p>\n            \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u067e\u0648\u0634\u0634 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0648 \u062c\u0632\u0626\u06cc\u060c \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u062a\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0637 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u06a9\u0631\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u060c \u062a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062e\u0634\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0631\u0641\u0635\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0647\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0627\u0646\u06af\u06cc\u0632 \u0622\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a:\n        <\/p>\n<h4>\u0628\u062e\u0634 \u0627\u0648\u0644: \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0622\u0634\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u0627 GraphQL<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0686\u0631\u0627 GraphQL\u061f \u0686\u0627\u0644\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc RESTful API\u0647\u0627<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u06cc GraphQL: \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u0686\u0647 \u0648 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0647<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u0647 GraphQL \u0628\u0627 REST<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc GraphQL: \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062a\u060c \u0633\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0648 Schema<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0647: Queries, Mutations, Subscriptions<\/li>\n<li>\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0647 \u0648 \u0631\u0627\u0647\u200c\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0645\u062d\u06cc\u0637<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u06cc GraphiQL \u0648 Apollo Sandbox<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0646 Query \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u0628\u062e\u0634 \u062f\u0648\u0645: \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 Schema \u062f\u0631 GraphQL<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0647\u0645\u06cc\u062a Schema \u062f\u0631 GraphQL<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 Schema: \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 Schema Definition Language (SDL)<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633\u06cc (Scalar Types): Int, Float, String, Boolean, ID<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 Types \u0633\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0634\u06cc (Object Types)<\/li>\n<li>\u0641\u06cc\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc Type\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u06af\u0634\u062a\u06cc \u0622\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627<\/li>\n<li>Non-Null \u0648 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 Schema<\/li>\n<li>\u0646\u062d\u0648\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0646 Schema\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0648 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u200c\u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0647<\/li>\n<li>Best Practices \u062f\u0631 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc Schema<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0634\u06a9\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0632\u062f\u0627\u06cc\u06cc Schema<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u0628\u062e\u0634 \u0633\u0648\u0645: \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a \u0648 \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a Type\u0647\u0627<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627 Type\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u0647<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 Enum Types<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 Input Types<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 Union Types<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 Interface Types<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0631\u062b\u200c\u0628\u0631\u06cc \u0648 \u062a\u0631\u06a9\u06cc\u0628 Type\u0647\u0627<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc Type\u0647\u0627<\/li>\n<li>\u067e\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc Type\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644 (\u0628\u0627 Node.js \u0648 Apollo Server &#8211; \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644)<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f Type\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0648\u06cc\u0627<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u0628\u062e\u0634 \u0686\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0645: Queries \u0648 Mutations &#8211; \u0642\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a API<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0648 \u0646\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0646 Queries<\/li>\n<li>\u0622\u0631\u06af\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 Queries<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0647\u0627 (Variables) \u062f\u0631 Queries<\/li>\n<li>Alias\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u06cc\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0627<\/li>\n<li>Directives \u062f\u0631 GraphQL<\/li>\n<li>\u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0648 \u0646\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0646 Mutations<\/li>\n<li>Input Types \u062f\u0631 Mutations<\/li>\n<li>Handling \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 Mutations<\/li>\n<li>Mutations\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc (Batched Mutations)<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 Subscriptions (\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u0628\u062e\u0634 \u067e\u0646\u062c\u0645: Resolvers &#8211; \u067e\u0644 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u06cc Schema \u0648 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0646\u0642\u0634 Resolvers \u062f\u0631 GraphQL<\/li>\n<li>\u0646\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0646 Resolvers \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc Types \u0648 \u0641\u06cc\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0627<\/li>\n<li>Parent, Args, Context, Info \u062f\u0631 Resolvers<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0648 Exception Handling \u062f\u0631 Resolvers<\/li>\n<li>\u0622\u0633\u0646\u06a9\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 Resolvers<\/li>\n<li>Performance Optimization \u062f\u0631 Resolvers<\/li>\n<li>Cache \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 Resolvers<\/li>\n<li>Data Loaders \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062d\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u06a9\u0644 N+1<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u0628\u062e\u0634 \u0634\u0634\u0645: \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0648 \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0646\u062c\u06cc (Validation) \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u062a \u062f\u0631 GraphQL<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc API \u0628\u0627 GraphQL<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u0646\u06af \u0648 \u0644\u0627\u06af\u06cc\u0646\u06af<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 API\u0647\u0627\u06cc GraphQL<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0632 REST \u0628\u0647 GraphQL<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 GraphQL \u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u06cc\u0645\u200c\u0648\u0631\u06a9\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 (\u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0647)<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u06a9\u0648\u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 GraphQL: \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0641\u06cc\u062f<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u06cc Serverless GraphQL<\/li>\n<li>\u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0634\u06cc\u0648\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0642\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u200c\u067e\u0630\u06cc\u0631\u06cc<\/li>\n<li>\u0648 \u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0631\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u06cc \u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631&#8230;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\n            \u0628\u0627 \u062b\u0628\u062a\u200c\u0646\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 &#8220;GraphQL: \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f Schema \u0648 Type&#8221;\u060c \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0641\u0646\u06cc \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0645\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0644\u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u06cc\u062f\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a API\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0631\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0631\u0648\u0634\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u0634\u062f\u0646 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0647\u200c\u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u062d\u0631\u0641\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc GraphQL \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0631 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u0645!\n        <\/p>\n<\/article>\n<p><\/body><br \/>\n<\/html><\/div>\n<div\r\n    style=\"border: 2px dashed #4CAF50; border-radius: 16px; padding: 20px; background: #f9fff9; font-family: 'IRANSans', sans-serif;\">\r\n    <h2 style=\"color: #2E7D32; margin-top: 0;\">\ud83d\udcda \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634\u06cc (\u067e\u06a9\u06cc\u062c \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644)<\/h2>\r\n    <div\r\n        style=\"background: #E8F5E9; border-radius: 12px; padding: 15px 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; border: 1px solid #A5D6A7;\">\r\n        <h3 style=\"color: #1B5E20; margin-top: 0;\">\ud83d\udca1 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0647\u0654 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0648 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/h3>\r\n        <p style=\"font-size:16px; line-height:1.8; color:#2E7D32; margin:0;\"> \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u062f\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u06cc\u06a9\r\n            \u0628\u0633\u062a\u0647\u200c\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0648 \u06cc\u06a9\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0686\u0647 \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f \u0648 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a. <\/p>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n    <h3 style=\"color: #2E7D32;\">\ud83c\udf81 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0644\u0648\u062f\u06cc<\/h3>\r\n\r\n\t\r\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: '\u2705 '; padding-left: 20px; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.8;\">\r\n    <li><strong>\u0648\u06cc\u062f\u06cc\u0648\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634\u06cc \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc<\/strong> \u2014 \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u0642\u062f\u0645\u200c\u0628\u0647\u200c\u0642\u062f\u0645\u060c \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u06cc \u0648 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0641\u0647\u0645<\/li>\r\n    <li><strong>\u067e\u0627\u062f\u06a9\u0633\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0635\u0648\u062a\u06cc \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc<\/strong> \u2014 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u06cc\u062d \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u0648 \u0646\u06a9\u0627\u062a \u062a\u06a9\u0645\u06cc\u0644\u06cc<\/li>\r\n    <li><strong>\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 PDF \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc<\/strong> \u2014 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0647\u0654 \u0633\u0631\u0641\u0635\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634\u06cc<\/li>\r\n    <li><strong>\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0647 \u0646\u06a9\u0627\u062a \u0648\u06cc\u062f\u06cc\u0648\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u067e\u0627\u062f\u06a9\u0633\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u2013 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0647 PDF<\/strong> \u2014 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639 \u0648 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b<\/li>\r\n    <li><strong>\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0635\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u06a9\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc (\u062e\u0648\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0646\u06cc) \u2013 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0647 PDF<\/strong> \u2014 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u06cc<\/li>\r\n    <li><strong>\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0635\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u06a9\u062a\u0647 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u06cc \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u2013 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0647 PDF<\/strong> \u2014 \u0646\u06af\u0627\u0631\u0634 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0645\u06cc \u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0686\u0627\u067e<\/li>\r\n\r\n    <li>\r\n        <strong>\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0635\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u067e\u0631\u0633\u0634 \u0648 \u067e\u0627\u0633\u062e \u062a\u0634\u0631\u06cc\u062d\u06cc \u2013 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0647 PDF<\/strong><br>\r\n        \u2014 \u0647\u0631 \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u067e\u0627\u0633\u062e \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0648 \u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u061b \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u062f\u0631\u06a9 \u0639\u0645\u06cc\u0642 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u0648 \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627\u0645.\r\n    <\/li>\r\n\r\n    <li>\r\n        <strong>\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0635\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u067e\u0631\u0633\u0634 \u0648 \u067e\u0627\u0633\u062e \u0686\u0647\u0627\u0631\u06af\u0632\u06cc\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u2013 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0647 PDF (\u0646\u0633\u062e\u0647 \u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639)<\/strong><br>\r\n        \u2014 \u067e\u0627\u0633\u062e\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0647 \u067e\u0633 \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f\u061b \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639 \u0648 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u06cc\u062a \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628.\r\n    <\/li>\r\n\r\n    <li>\r\n        <strong>\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0635\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u067e\u0631\u0633\u0634 \u0648 \u067e\u0627\u0633\u062e \u0686\u0647\u0627\u0631\u06af\u0632\u06cc\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u2013 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0647 PDF (\u0646\u0633\u062e\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u062f\u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0628\u062e\u0634)<\/strong><br>\r\n        \u2014 \u067e\u0627\u0633\u062e\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0631 \u0628\u062e\u0634 \u0622\u0645\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u0646\u062f\u061b \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u06cc \u0648 \u0633\u0646\u062c\u0634 \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc.\r\n    <\/li>\r\n\r\n    <li>\r\n        <strong>\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u0645\u0631\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a \/ \u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a (True \/ False) \u2013 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0647 PDF<\/strong><br>\r\n        \u2014 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u062f\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645\u06cc \u0648 \u062a\u0634\u062e\u06cc\u0635 \u0635\u062d\u06cc\u062d \u06cc\u0627 \u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0646 \u06af\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627.\r\n    <\/li>\r\n\r\n    <li>\r\n        <strong>\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u0645\u0631\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u2013 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0647 PDF<\/strong><br>\r\n        \u2014 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0648 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0637 \u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u0648 \u0627\u0635\u0637\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u06cc.\r\n    <\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n\t\r\n\t\r\n\t\r\n\t\r\n    <p style=\"color: #388E3C; font-weight: bold; font-size: 18px; margin-top: 20px;\"> \ud83c\udfaf \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0654 \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0648\r\n        \u0686\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u061b \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u060c \u0635\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u060c \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628\u200c\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0645\u0631\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627   \u0648 \u062e\u0648\u062f\u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u06cc . <\/p>\r\n    <hr style=\"border: none; border-top: 1px dashed #81C784; margin: 20px 0;\">\r\n    <h3 style=\"color: #2E7D32;\">\u2139\ufe0f \u0646\u06a9\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0645 \u062e\u0631\u06cc\u062f<\/h3>\r\n    <ul style=\"list-style-type: '\ud83d\udd38 '; padding-left: 20px; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.9;\">\r\n        <li>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a <strong>\u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0644\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/strong> \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f \u0648 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0647\u0654 \u0686\u0627\u067e\u06cc \u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f.<\/li>\r\n        <li>\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628\u200c\u0647\u0627 <strong>\u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc<\/strong> \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\r\n        <li><strong>\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647:<\/strong> \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u06a9\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u06cc \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0637\u06cc <strong>\u06f4\u06f8 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062a<\/strong> \u067e\u0633 \u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0628\u062a \u0633\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0634 \u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\r\n        <li>\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0628\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u061b \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0634\u062a\u06cc\u0628\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u06cc\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/li>\r\n        <li>\u062f\u0631 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0645\u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0644\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0627 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0647 <strong>09395106248<\/strong> \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062f.<\/li>\r\n        <li>\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062e\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0648\u0644\u06cc \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u06a9\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a \u0646\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0648 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u0648 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u0645\u06a9 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u062a\u0627\r\n            \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u06a9\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\r\n    <\/ul>\r\n    <p style=\"font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.8; margin-top: 15px;\"> \ud83d\udcac \u0631\u0627\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u06cc \u067e\u0634\u062a\u06cc\u0628\u0627\u0646\u06cc:<br> \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0633\u200c\u0627\u067e \u06cc\u0627 \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u0645\u06a9:\r\n        <strong>09395106248<\/strong><br> \u062a\u0644\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645: <strong>@ma_limbs<\/strong> <\/p>\r\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>GraphQL: \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f Schema \u0648 Type &#8211; \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u200c\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634\u06cc GraphQL: \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f Schema \u0648 Type &#8211; \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0648\u06cc API\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0633\u0644 \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u0622\u06cc\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u06cc\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc API\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0646\u062a\u06cc \u062e\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc\u062f\u061f \u0622\u06cc\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u0627\u0647\u06cc \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0646\u060c \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0622\u0645\u062f \u0648 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0637\u0627&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":67493,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"pmpro_default_level":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}}},"product_cat":[227250,196,1221],"product_tag":[3277,123655,1622,7354,265410,265411,227251,52438,59660,265414,1250,7346,265412,1905,265413],"class_list":{"0":"post-320804","1":"product","2":"type-product","3":"status-publish","4":"has-post-thumbnail","6":"product_cat-graphql","7":"product_cat-196","8":"product_cat-1221","9":"product_tag-api-development","10":"product_tag-api-graphql","11":"product_tag-backend-development","12":"product_tag-graphql","13":"product_tag-graphql-schema","14":"product_tag-graphql-types","15":"product_tag-graphql-","16":"product_tag-query-language","17":"product_tag-schema-design","18":"product_tag-type-system","19":"product_tag-web-development","20":"product_tag--graphql","21":"product_tag---graphql","22":"product_tag-1905","24":"pmpro-has-access","25":"desktop-align-left","26":"tablet-align-left","27":"mobile-align-left","29":"first","30":"instock","31":"shipping-taxable","32":"purchasable","33":"product-type-variable"},"yoast_head":"<!-- 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content=\"2025-12-21T10:23:31+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/express24.ir\/d\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Express24_ir.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u06cc\u0628\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0646\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"2 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0647\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/express24.ir\/d\/product\/supercourse-0000015913\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/express24.ir\/d\/product\/supercourse-0000015913\/\",\"name\":\"\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 GraphQL: 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