{"id":307259,"date":"2025-12-03T20:36:18","date_gmt":"2025-12-03T21:36:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/express24.ir\/d\/product\/supercourse-0000019606\/"},"modified":"2025-12-21T23:14:21","modified_gmt":"2025-12-22T00:14:21","slug":"supercourse-0000019606","status":"publish","type":"product","link":"https:\/\/express24.ir\/d\/product\/supercourse-0000019606\/","title":{"rendered":"\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639 SQL: \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0628\u062a\u062f\u06cc \u062a\u0627 \u062d\u0631\u0641\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc (\u0628\u0627 \u0631\u0648\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u062f Introduction to SQL)"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

\ud83c\udf93 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634\u06cc \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639<\/h2>\n<\/p><\/div>\n
\n

\ud83d\udcda \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647<\/h3>\n

\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647:<\/strong> \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639 SQL: \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0628\u062a\u062f\u06cc \u062a\u0627 \u062d\u0631\u0641\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc (\u0628\u0627 \u0631\u0648\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u062f Introduction to SQL)<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc:<\/strong> \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 SQL<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06cc:<\/strong> \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u06cc SQL \u0648 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

\ud83d\udccb \u0633\u0631\u0641\u0635\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 (100 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639)<\/h3>\n
    \n
  • \n 1.<\/span> \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0622\u0646\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 2.<\/span> \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc (RDBMS)\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 3.<\/span> \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0631\u062f\u06cc\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 4.<\/span> \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0648 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u06cc: \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0648 \u0627\u0647\u0645\u06cc\u062a\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 5.<\/span> \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u0686\u0647 \u0648 \u0646\u0642\u0634 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 SQL\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 6.<\/span> \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0647\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a SQL (DDL, DML, DCL, TCL)\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 7.<\/span> \u0622\u0634\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 (DBMS)\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 8.<\/span> \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0648 \u0646\u0635\u0628 \u06cc\u06a9 DBMS (\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b PostgreSQL)\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 9.<\/span> \u0631\u0627\u0647\u200c\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0645\u062d\u06cc\u0637 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627 SQL (\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b psql \u06cc\u0627 pgAdmin)\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 10.<\/span> \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0646 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0646\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 11.<\/span> \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 SELECT: \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u06a9\u0648\u0626\u0631\u06cc\u200c\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 12.<\/span> \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0647\u0645\u0647 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627 *\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 13.<\/span> \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0627\u0635\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 14.<\/span> \u0646\u0627\u0645\u200c\u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 (AS)\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 15.<\/span> \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 SELECT DISTINCT: \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u0631\u062f\u06cc\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0631\u06cc\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 16.<\/span> \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 WHERE: \u0641\u06cc\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u06cc\u062c\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 17.<\/span> \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06af\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc (=, <>, >, <, >=, <=)\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 18.<\/span> \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06af\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u06cc (AND, OR, NOT)\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 19.<\/span> \u062a\u0631\u06a9\u06cc\u0628 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06af\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u06cc \u0648 \u067e\u0631\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0632\u0647\u0627\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 20.<\/span> \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06af\u0631 BETWEEN: \u062c\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u0647\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 21.<\/span> \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06af\u0631 IN: \u062c\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 22.<\/span> \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06af\u0631 LIKE: \u062c\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0648\u06cc \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0647\u0627 (Pattern Matching)\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 23.<\/span> \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u062a\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc Wildcard (% \u0648 _)\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 24.<\/span> \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 IS NULL \/ IS NOT NULL: \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u0646\u0627\u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 25.<\/span> \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 ORDER BY: \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0646\u062a\u0627\u06cc\u062c\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 26.<\/span> \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0635\u0639\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u0648 \u0646\u0632\u0648\u0644\u06cc (ASC, DESC)\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 27.<\/span> \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0686\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 28.<\/span> \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0646\u062a\u0627\u06cc\u062c (LIMIT\/FETCH NEXT)\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 29.<\/span> \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u06cc\u0639\u06cc (Aggregate Functions)\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 30.<\/span> \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 COUNT(): \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0634 \u0631\u062f\u06cc\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 31.<\/span> \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 SUM(): \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u06cc\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 32.<\/span> \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 AVG(): \u0645\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06af\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 33.<\/span> \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 MIN() \u0648 MAX(): \u062d\u062f\u0627\u0642\u0644 \u0648 \u062d\u062f\u0627\u06a9\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 34.<\/span> \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 GROUP BY: \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 35.<\/span> \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 HAVING: \u0641\u06cc\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 36.<\/span> \u062a\u0631\u06a9\u06cc\u0628 GROUP BY \u0648 HAVING\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 37.<\/span> \u062a\u0631\u062a\u06cc\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u06cc \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0648\u0626\u0631\u06cc (Logical Query Processing)\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 38.<\/span> \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u06cc JOIN\u0647\u0627: \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 39.<\/span> INNER JOIN: \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u06cc \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 40.<\/span> LEFT JOIN (LEFT OUTER JOIN): \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0686\u067e\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 41.<\/span> RIGHT JOIN (RIGHT OUTER JOIN): \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 42.<\/span> FULL JOIN (FULL OUTER JOIN): \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 43.<\/span> SELF JOIN: \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u062f\u0634\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 44.<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 UNION: \u062a\u0631\u06a9\u06cc\u0628 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u06cc\u062c \u067e\u0631\u0633\u200c\u0648\u062c\u0648\u0647\u0627 (\u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0631)\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 45.<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 UNION ALL: \u062a\u0631\u06a9\u06cc\u0628 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u06cc\u062c \u067e\u0631\u0633\u200c\u0648\u062c\u0648\u0647\u0627 (\u0628\u0627 \u062a\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0631)\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 46.<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 INTERSECT: \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u06a9 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u06cc\u062c \u067e\u0631\u0633\u200c\u0648\u062c\u0648\u0647\u0627\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 47.<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 EXCEPT\/MINUS: \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u06cc\u062c \u067e\u0631\u0633\u200c\u0648\u062c\u0648\u0647\u0627\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 48.<\/span> \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 Subquery (\u0632\u06cc\u0631\u067e\u0631\u0633\u200c\u0648\u062c\u0648)\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 49.<\/span> Subquery \u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a SELECT\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 50.<\/span> Subquery \u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a FROM (Derived Tables)\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 51.<\/span> Subquery \u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a WHERE \u0628\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06af\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc IN \u0648 NOT IN\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 52.<\/span> Subquery \u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a WHERE \u0628\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06af\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc EXISTS \u0648 NOT EXISTS\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 53.<\/span> Subquery \u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a WHERE \u0628\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06af\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc ANY \u0648 ALL\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 54.<\/span> Correlated Subqueries: \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u067e\u0631\u0633\u200c\u0648\u062c\u0648\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0645\u0628\u0633\u062a\u0647\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 55.<\/span> \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 INSERT INTO: \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0648\u062f\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0631\u062f\u06cc\u0641 \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 56.<\/span> \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0648\u062f\u0646 \u0686\u0646\u062f \u0631\u062f\u06cc\u0641 \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0647\u0645\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 57.<\/span> INSERT INTO … SELECT: \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0648\u062f\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06a9\u0648\u0626\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 58.<\/span> \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 UPDATE: \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0631\u0648\u0632\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 59.<\/span> \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0631\u0648\u0632\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u06cc\u0627 \u0686\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 60.<\/span> \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0631\u0648\u0632\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0634\u0631\u0637 WHERE\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 61.<\/span> \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 DELETE FROM: \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u0631\u062f\u06cc\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 62.<\/span> \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u0631\u062f\u06cc\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0634\u0631\u0637 WHERE\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 63.<\/span> TRUNCATE TABLE: \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u062f\u06cc\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 64.<\/span> \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0628\u06cc\u0646 DELETE \u0648 TRUNCATE TABLE\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 65.<\/span> \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 CREATE DATABASE: \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 66.<\/span> \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 CREATE TABLE: \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 67.<\/span> \u0622\u0634\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc SQL (INT, VARCHAR, DATE, BOOLEAN, DECIMAL)\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 68.<\/span> \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 NULL \u0648 NOT NULL\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 69.<\/span> \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u200c\u0641\u0631\u0636 (DEFAULT)\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 70.<\/span> \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 ALTER TABLE: \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0648\u062f\u0646 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 71.<\/span> ALTER TABLE: \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 72.<\/span> ALTER TABLE: \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06cc\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 73.<\/span> ALTER TABLE: \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 74.<\/span> \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 DROP TABLE: \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 75.<\/span> \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 DROP DATABASE: \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 76.<\/span> \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u06cc\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627 (Constraints)\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 77.<\/span> \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u06cc\u062a PRIMARY KEY: \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 78.<\/span> \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u06cc\u062a FOREIGN KEY: \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u06cc \u0648 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 79.<\/span> \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u06cc\u062a UNIQUE: \u0627\u0637\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0632 \u06cc\u06a9\u062a\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 80.<\/span> \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u06cc\u062a CHECK: \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0634\u0631\u0637\u06cc \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 81.<\/span> \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0648\u062f\u0646 \u0648 \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u06cc\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627 ALTER TABLE\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 82.<\/span> \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u06cc View: \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 83.<\/span> CREATE VIEW: \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 View \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 84.<\/span> \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc View: \u0633\u0627\u062f\u06af\u06cc\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u062a \u0648 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u062a\u06cc\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 85.<\/span> ALTER VIEW \u0648 DROP VIEW: \u0627\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0648 \u062d\u0630\u0641 View\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 86.<\/span> \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0631\u0648\u0632\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0637\u0631\u06cc\u0642 View (\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u06cc\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627)\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 87.<\/span> \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0631 Index: \u0628\u0647\u06cc\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06a9\u0631\u062f\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 88.<\/span> CREATE INDEX: \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u06a9\u0633\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 89.<\/span> \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u06a9\u0633\u200c\u0647\u0627: Clustered \u0648 Non-Clustered (\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645\u06cc)\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 90.<\/span> DROP INDEX: \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u06a9\u0633\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 91.<\/span> \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 Transaction (\u062a\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u0646\u0634) \u062f\u0631 SQL\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 92.<\/span> \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u06cc\u0627\u062a ACID \u062a\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u0646\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 93.<\/span> BEGIN TRANSACTION \/ START TRANSACTION\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 94.<\/span> COMMIT: \u062a\u0623\u06cc\u06cc\u062f \u0648 \u0630\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u062a\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 95.<\/span> ROLLBACK: \u0644\u063a\u0648 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u062a\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 96.<\/span> \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 Savepoint \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u0646\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 97.<\/span> Common Table Expressions (CTEs): \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a WITH\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 98.<\/span> \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc CTE: \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0648 \u0645\u0627\u0698\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0646 \u06a9\u0648\u0626\u0631\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 99.<\/span> \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u067e\u0646\u062c\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc (Window Functions)\n <\/li>\n
  • \n 100.<\/span> \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0631\u062a\u0628\u0647\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc (RANK, DENSE_RANK, ROW_NUMBER) \u0628\u0627 PARTITION BY\n <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n

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    \n \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639 SQL: \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0628\u062a\u062f\u06cc \u062a\u0627 \u062d\u0631\u0641\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc<\/title><\/p>\n<style>\n body {\n font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, \"Segoe UI\", Roboto, \"Helvetica Neue\", Arial, sans-serif;\n line-height: 1.8;\n color: #333;\n background-color: #f9f9f9;\n margin: 0;\n padding: 20px;\n }\n .container {\n max-width: 900px;\n margin: auto;\n background: #fff;\n padding: 30px;\n border-radius: 8px;\n box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);\n }\n h1, h2, h3 {\n color: #2c3e50;\n border-bottom: 2px solid #3498db;\n padding-bottom: 10px;\n margin-top: 30px;\n }\n h1 {\n font-size: 2.2em;\n text-align: center;\n border-bottom: none;\n }\n ul {\n list-style-type: disc;\n padding-right: 20px;\n }\n li {\n margin-bottom: 10px;\n }\n .syllabus ul {\n columns: 2;\n -webkit-columns: 2;\n -moz-columns: 2;\n padding-right: 20px;\n }\n @media (max-width: 600px) {\n .syllabus ul {\n columns: 1;\n -webkit-columns: 1;\n -moz-columns: 1;\n }\n }\n p {\n text-align: justify;\n }\n <\/style>\n<p><\/head><br \/>\n<body><\/p>\n<div class=\"container\">\n<h1>\u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639 SQL: \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0628\u062a\u062f\u06cc \u062a\u0627 \u062d\u0631\u0641\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc (\u0628\u0627 \u0631\u0648\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u062f Introduction to SQL)<\/h1>\n<h2>\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u06cc \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647: \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f!<\/h2>\n<p>\n \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0632 \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u0634\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0646\u062f\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0648 \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06af\u0646\u062c\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0631\u0632\u0634\u0645\u0646\u062f\u060c \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u062a \u062d\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u0648 \u062a\u0639\u06cc\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 SQL (Structured Query Language)\u060c \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0646\u06cc\u0627 \u0648 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06a9 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0627\u0632 \u063a\u0648\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u06a9\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0698\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u06af\u0648\u06af\u0644 \u0648 \u0622\u0645\u0627\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u062a\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0627\u067e\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0648\u067e\u0627\u060c \u0647\u0645\u06af\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0647 SQL \u0645\u062a\u06a9\u06cc \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f. \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0645\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0637 \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f \u0648 \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631 \u0634\u063a\u0644\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0647 \u0646\u0631\u0645\u200c\u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0647\u0648\u0634 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a.\n <\/p>\n<p>\n \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u060c \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u06cc \u0648 \u0631\u0648\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u062f \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634\u06cc \u0627\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0647\u200c\u06cc \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 “Introduction to SQL: Mastering the Relational Database Language”\u060c \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 SQL \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u062a\u0627 \u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0646\u0647\u0627 “\u0686\u0647” \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0644\u06a9\u0647 “\u0686\u0631\u0627”\u06cc \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0639\u0645\u06cc\u0642\u0627\u064b \u062f\u0631\u06a9 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f. \u0622\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0628\u0627 \u0647\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0633\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.\n <\/p>\n<h2>\u062f\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647: \u0641\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628\u060c \u06cc\u06a9 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc<\/h2>\n<p>\n \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0635\u0631\u0641\u0627\u064b \u06cc\u06a9 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 “Introduction to SQL” \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u061b \u0628\u0644\u06a9\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0628\u0648\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0698\u0647-\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0648 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u06a9\u0644\u062a \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634\u06cc \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc\u0645 \u0648 \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0631\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc\u060c \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0698\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u06cc \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u06cc \u0648 \u0646\u06a9\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0646\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u062a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0633\u062a \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0622\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u063a\u0646\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc\u0645. \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a SQL \u0631\u0627 \u06cc\u0627\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0644\u06a9\u0647 \u06cc\u0627\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062f \u0686\u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644\u06af\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0641\u06a9\u0631 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u06a9\u0648\u0626\u0631\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0647\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\u062f \u0648 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0644 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.\n <\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062f:<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>\u062f\u0631\u06a9 \u0639\u0645\u06cc\u0642 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc (RDBMS)<\/li>\n<li>\u0646\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u06a9\u0648\u0626\u0631\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u0627\u0628\u06cc \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a (SELECT)<\/li>\n<li>\u0641\u06cc\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0648 \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0633\u06cc\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u06cc\u062c \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0631\u06a9\u06cc\u0628 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 JOIN \u0647\u0627<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u06cc SQL \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0634 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0648 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e<\/li>\n<li>\u062f\u0633\u062a\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627: \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0648\u062f\u0646 (INSERT)\u060c \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0631\u0648\u0632\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u06cc (UPDATE) \u0648 \u062d\u0630\u0641 (DELETE) \u0631\u06a9\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627<\/li>\n<li>\u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0648 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647: \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0648 \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u06a9\u0633\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u06cc\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627 (DDL)<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f Subqueries\u060c CTEs\u060c Window Functions \u0648 Transactions<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0686\u0647 \u06a9\u0633\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u061f<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><b>\u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0647\u0648\u0634 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u06cc (BI)<\/b> \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\n<li><b>\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0647\u200c\u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u06af\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0628 \u0648 \u0646\u0631\u0645\u200c\u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u0631 (Backend)<\/b> \u06a9\u0647 \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0627 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u067e\u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc\u0634\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\n<li><b>\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u062c\u0648\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u067e\u06cc\u0648\u062a\u0631\u060c IT \u0648 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u0639<\/b> \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0646 \u0648 \u067e\u0631\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\n<li><b>\u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u06cc\u062c\u06cc\u062a\u0627\u0644 \u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u06cc<\/b> \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0645\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u06cc \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\n<li><b>\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u062a\u0636\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u06cc\u0641\u06cc\u062a (QA)<\/b> \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0646\u062c\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647.<\/li>\n<li><b>\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0647\u200c\u0645\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0646\u06cc<\/b> \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u062a \u067e\u0648\u0644\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632 \u0648 \u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0632\u0648\u0645\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u0686\u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0634\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f\u061f<\/h2>\n<h3>\u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u0648 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0647<\/h3>\n<p>\u0628\u0627 \u0628\u06cc\u0634 \u0627\u0632 \u06f1\u06f0\u06f0 \u0633\u0631\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u0648 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0647\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0634\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0647\u06cc\u0686 \u0646\u06a9\u062a\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0627\u06af\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u06cc \u0646\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f. \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u062a\u0627 \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u0647\u200c\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u067e\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0631\u0648\u06cc\u0645 \u062a\u0627 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0646\u0642\u0634\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0637 \u0628\u0631 SQL \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0631\u0648\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u062f \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0698\u0647-\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc<\/h3>\n<p>\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634 \u062a\u0626\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u06cc\u200c\u0641\u0627\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u062a\u0627\u0628\u06cc\u0633\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u062a\u0645\u0631\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0686\u0627\u0644\u0634\u06cc \u062d\u0644 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u062a \u06cc\u06a9 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0698\u0647 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0622\u0645\u0648\u062e\u062a\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u06cc\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0686\u0634\u0645\u06af\u06cc\u0631 \u0634\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645<\/h3>\n<p>SQL \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u067e\u0631\u062a\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0631\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u06af\u0647\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u063a\u0644\u06cc \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u062a\u06a9\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0698\u06cc \u0648 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0628\u0627 \u06af\u0630\u0631\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u062a \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u06a9\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0627\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u062c\u0648\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0632 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0635\u0631\u0641\u0647\u200c\u062c\u0648\u06cc\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0647\u0632\u06cc\u0646\u0647<\/h3>\n<p>\u0628\u0647 \u062c\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u067e\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0646\u0627\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u060c \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0622\u0646\u0686\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062d\u0631\u0641\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u062f\u0646 \u062f\u0631 SQL \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u067e\u06a9\u06cc\u062c \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0648 \u0628\u0627 \u0642\u06cc\u0645\u062a\u06cc \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u062f\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<h3>\u067e\u0634\u062a\u06cc\u0628\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0648 \u067e\u0627\u0633\u062e \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/h3>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631 \u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u062a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0648\u062f. \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0645\u0634\u06a9\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062f \u0648 \u0631\u0627\u0647\u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<div class=\"syllabus\">\n<h2>\u0633\u0631\u0641\u0635\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 (100 \u0633\u0631\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u06cc \u0648 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0698\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631)<\/h2>\n<h3>\u0628\u062e\u0634 \u06f1: \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\u06f1. \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0686\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u06a9\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u061f<\/li>\n<li>\u06f2. \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 (Database)<\/li>\n<li>\u06f3. \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 (DBMS)<\/li>\n<li>\u06f4. \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc (RDBMS)<\/li>\n<li>\u06f5. \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u0686\u0647 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 SQL<\/li>\n<li>\u06f6. \u0686\u0631\u0627 SQL \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u061f<\/li>\n<li>\u06f7. \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a SQL (DQL, DML, DDL, DCL)<\/li>\n<li>\u06f8. \u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0648 \u0631\u0627\u0647\u200c\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0645\u062d\u06cc\u0637 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 (SQL Server\/PostgreSQL)<\/li>\n<li>\u06f9. \u0622\u0634\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u06cc\u0637 \u0646\u0631\u0645\u200c\u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u062f\u06cc\u062a\u0627\u0628\u06cc\u0633<\/li>\n<li>\u06f1\u06f0. \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0646 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u0628\u062e\u0634 \u06f2: \u0628\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u0627\u0628\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 SELECT<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\u06f1\u06f1. \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 SELECT<\/li>\n<li>\u06f1\u06f2. \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627 *<\/li>\n<li>\u06f1\u06f3. \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635<\/li>\n<li>\u06f1\u06f4. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631 (Alias) \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627 AS<\/li>\n<li>\u06f1\u06f5. \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u0631\u06a9\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0627 DISTINCT<\/li>\n<li>\u06f1\u06f6. \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0646\u062a\u0627\u06cc\u062c \u0628\u0627 ORDER BY<\/li>\n<li>\u06f1\u06f7. \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0635\u0639\u0648\u062f\u06cc (ASC) \u0648 \u0646\u0632\u0648\u0644\u06cc (DESC)<\/li>\n<li>\u06f1\u06f8. \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0686\u0646\u062f \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646<\/li>\n<li>\u06f1\u06f9. \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0646\u062a\u0627\u06cc\u062c \u0628\u0627 LIMIT \/ TOP<\/li>\n<li>\u06f2\u06f0. \u062a\u0645\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc \u0628\u062e\u0634 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u0627\u0628\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u0628\u062e\u0634 \u06f3: \u0641\u06cc\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627 WHERE<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\u06f2\u06f1. \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u06cc \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 WHERE \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0641\u06cc\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0631\u06a9\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627<\/li>\n<li>\u06f2\u06f2. \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06af\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc (=, <>, <, >, <=, >=)<\/li>\n<li>\u06f2\u06f3. \u062a\u0631\u06a9\u06cc\u0628 \u0634\u0631\u0637\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627 AND \u0648 OR<\/li>\n<li>\u06f2\u06f4. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06af\u0631 NOT<\/li>\n<li>\u06f2\u06f5. \u0641\u06cc\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u0628\u0627 IN<\/li>\n<li>\u06f2\u06f6. \u0641\u06cc\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0627 BETWEEN<\/li>\n<li>\u06f2\u06f7. \u062c\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0648\u06cc \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0628\u0627 LIKE \u0648 Wildcards (%, _)<\/li>\n<li>\u06f2\u06f8. \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u0646\u0627\u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635 (NULL) \u0628\u0627 IS NULL \u0648 IS NOT NULL<\/li>\n<li>\u06f2\u06f9. \u0627\u0648\u0644\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06af\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u06cc<\/li>\n<li>\u06f3\u06f0. \u062a\u0645\u0631\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u06a9\u06cc\u0628\u06cc \u0641\u06cc\u0644\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646\u06af<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u0628\u062e\u0634 \u06f4: \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0639 (Functions) \u062f\u0631 SQL<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\u06f3\u06f1. \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc (LEN, UPPER, LOWER, SUBSTRING, REPLACE)<\/li>\n<li>\u06f3\u06f2. \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u06cc (ROUND, CEILING, FLOOR, ABS)<\/li>\n<li>\u06f3\u06f3. \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u0648 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 (GETDATE, DATEDIFF, DATEADD)<\/li>\n<li>\u06f3\u06f4. \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639\u06cc (Aggregate Functions)<\/li>\n<li>\u06f3\u06f5. \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0634 \u0631\u06a9\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627 COUNT<\/li>\n<li>\u06f3\u06f6. \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0648 \u0645\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06af\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0627 SUM \u0648 AVG<\/li>\n<li>\u06f3\u06f7. \u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u0627\u0642\u0644 \u0648 \u062d\u062f\u0627\u06a9\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0627 MIN \u0648 MAX<\/li>\n<li>\u06f3\u06f8. \u062a\u0631\u06a9\u06cc\u0628 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639\u06cc \u0628\u0627 DISTINCT<\/li>\n<li>\u06f3\u06f9. \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 COALESCE \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631 NULL<\/li>\n<li>\u06f4\u06f0. \u062a\u0645\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0639<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u0628\u062e\u0634 \u06f5: \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\u06f4\u06f1. \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627 GROUP BY<\/li>\n<li>\u06f4\u06f2. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0647 GROUP BY<\/li>\n<li>\u06f4\u06f3. \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0686\u0646\u062f \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646<\/li>\n<li>\u06f4\u06f4. \u0641\u06cc\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 HAVING<\/li>\n<li>\u06f4\u06f5. \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0646 WHERE \u0648 HAVING<\/li>\n<li>\u06f4\u06f6. \u062a\u0631\u062a\u06cc\u0628 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06a9\u0648\u0626\u0631\u06cc (FROM, WHERE, GROUP BY, HAVING, SELECT, ORDER BY)<\/li>\n<li>\u06f4\u06f7. \u062a\u0645\u0631\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u0628\u062e\u0634 \u06f6: \u062a\u0631\u06a9\u06cc\u0628 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 (JOINs)<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\u06f4\u06f8. \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc (Primary Key) \u0648 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u06cc (Foreign Key)<\/li>\n<li>\u06f4\u06f9. \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 JOIN<\/li>\n<li>\u06f5\u06f0. \u062a\u0631\u06a9\u06cc\u0628 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0627 INNER JOIN<\/li>\n<li>\u06f5\u06f1. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644<\/li>\n<li>\u06f5\u06f2. \u062a\u0631\u06a9\u06cc\u0628 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0627 LEFT JOIN (OUTER)<\/li>\n<li>\u06f5\u06f3. \u062a\u0631\u06a9\u06cc\u0628 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0627 RIGHT JOIN (OUTER)<\/li>\n<li>\u06f5\u06f4. \u062a\u0631\u06a9\u06cc\u0628 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0627 FULL OUTER JOIN<\/li>\n<li>\u06f5\u06f5. \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u062f\u0634 (SELF JOIN)<\/li>\n<li>\u06f5\u06f6. \u062a\u0631\u06a9\u06cc\u0628 \u0628\u06cc\u0634 \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0648 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644<\/li>\n<li>\u06f5\u06f7. \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 CROSS JOIN<\/li>\n<li>\u06f5\u06f8. \u062a\u0645\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 JOIN<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u0628\u062e\u0634 \u06f7: \u06a9\u0648\u0626\u0631\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0648 (Subqueries)<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\u06f5\u06f9. \u0633\u0627\u0628\u200c\u06a9\u0648\u0626\u0631\u06cc \u0686\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u0686\u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f\u061f<\/li>\n<li>\u06f6\u06f0. \u0633\u0627\u0628\u200c\u06a9\u0648\u0626\u0631\u06cc \u062a\u06a9-\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc (Scalar Subquery)<\/li>\n<li>\u06f6\u06f1. \u0633\u0627\u0628\u200c\u06a9\u0648\u0626\u0631\u06cc \u0686\u0646\u062f-\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc (Multi-row Subquery) \u0628\u0627 IN \u0648 ANY\/ALL<\/li>\n<li>\u06f6\u06f2. \u0633\u0627\u0628\u200c\u06a9\u0648\u0626\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 FROM<\/li>\n<li>\u06f6\u06f3. \u0633\u0627\u0628\u200c\u06a9\u0648\u0626\u0631\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0645\u0628\u0633\u062a\u0647 (Correlated Subqueries)<\/li>\n<li>\u06f6\u06f4. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 EXISTS \u0648 NOT EXISTS<\/li>\n<li>\u06f6\u06f5. \u0645\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u200c\u06a9\u0648\u0626\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0627 JOIN<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u0628\u062e\u0634 \u06f8: \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc (Set Operators)<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\u06f6\u06f6. \u062a\u0631\u06a9\u06cc\u0628 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u06cc\u062c \u06a9\u0648\u0626\u0631\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627 UNION<\/li>\n<li>\u06f6\u06f7. \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a UNION \u0648 UNION ALL<\/li>\n<li>\u06f6\u06f8. \u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u06a9 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u06cc\u062c \u0628\u0627 INTERSECT<\/li>\n<li>\u06f6\u06f9. \u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u06cc\u062c \u0628\u0627 EXCEPT \/ MINUS<\/li>\n<li>\u06f7\u06f0. \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 Set Operators<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u0628\u062e\u0634 \u06f9: \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 (DML)<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\u06f7\u06f1. \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0648\u062f\u0646 \u0631\u06a9\u0648\u0631\u062f \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0627 INSERT INTO<\/li>\n<li>\u06f7\u06f2. \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0648\u062f\u0646 \u0686\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u06a9\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0647\u0645\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/li>\n<li>\u06f7\u06f3. \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0631\u0648\u0632\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0631\u06a9\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0627 UPDATE<\/li>\n<li>\u06f7\u06f4. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 WHERE \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 UPDATE (\u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0645!)<\/li>\n<li>\u06f7\u06f5. \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u0631\u06a9\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0627 DELETE<\/li>\n<li>\u06f7\u06f6. \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a DELETE \u0648 TRUNCATE<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u0628\u062e\u0634 \u06f1\u06f0: \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u06cc\u062a\u0627\u0628\u06cc\u0633 (DDL)<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\u06f7\u06f7. \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 (Data Types) \u062f\u0631 SQL<\/li>\n<li>\u06f7\u06f8. \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0627 CREATE TABLE<\/li>\n<li>\u06f7\u06f9. \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc (PRIMARY KEY)<\/li>\n<li>\u06f8\u06f0. \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u06cc\u062a NOT NULL<\/li>\n<li>\u06f8\u06f1. \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u06cc\u062a UNIQUE<\/li>\n<li>\u06f8\u06f2. \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u06cc\u062a CHECK<\/li>\n<li>\u06f8\u06f3. \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u06cc\u062a DEFAULT<\/li>\n<li>\u06f8\u06f4. \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u06cc (FOREIGN KEY) \u0648 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0647 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644<\/li>\n<li>\u06f8\u06f5. \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0627 ALTER TABLE (\u0627\u0641\u0632\u0648\u062f\u0646\u060c \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u0648 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646)<\/li>\n<li>\u06f8\u06f6. \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0627 DROP TABLE<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u0628\u062e\u0634 \u06f1\u06f1: \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0648 \u062a\u06a9\u0645\u06cc\u0644\u06cc<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\u06f8\u06f7. \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u0646\u0634 (Transaction)<\/li>\n<li>\u06f8\u06f8. \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a COMMIT \u0648 ROLLBACK<\/li>\n<li>\u06f8\u06f9. \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u06cc View \u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0646<\/li>\n<li>\u06f9\u06f0. \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 View<\/li>\n<li>\u06f9\u06f1. \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u06a9\u0633 (Index) \u0648 \u062a\u0627\u062b\u06cc\u0631 \u0622\u0646 \u0628\u0631 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u062a \u06a9\u0648\u0626\u0631\u06cc<\/li>\n<li>\u06f9\u06f2. \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u06a9\u0633 \u0628\u0627 CREATE INDEX<\/li>\n<li>\u06f9\u06f3. \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644\u06cc \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06a9 (Common Table Expressions – CTEs) \u0628\u0627 WITH<\/li>\n<li>\u06f9\u06f4. \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u067e\u0646\u062c\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc (Window Functions)<\/li>\n<li>\u06f9\u06f5. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 OVER(), PARTITION BY, \u0648 ROW_NUMBER()<\/li>\n<li>\u06f9\u06f6. \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0639 LAG \u0648 LEAD<\/li>\n<li>\u06f9\u06f7. \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 CASE \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0634\u0631\u0637\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0648\u0626\u0631\u06cc<\/li>\n<li>\u06f9\u06f8. \u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0634\u06cc\u0648\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 (Best Practices) \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0646 \u06a9\u0648\u0626\u0631\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc SQL<\/li>\n<li>\u06f9\u06f9. \u0686\u0627\u0644\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u067e\u0631\u062a\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u063a\u0644\u06cc SQL<\/li>\n<li>\u06f1\u06f0\u06f0. \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0698\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06cc: \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0634\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u0622\u0646\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u0646<\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><\/body><br \/>\n<\/html><\/div>\n<div\r\n style=\"border: 2px dashed #4CAF50; border-radius: 16px; padding: 20px; background: #f9fff9; font-family: 'IRANSans', sans-serif;\">\r\n <h2 style=\"color: #2E7D32; margin-top: 0;\">\ud83d\udcda \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634\u06cc (\u067e\u06a9\u06cc\u062c \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644)<\/h2>\r\n <div\r\n style=\"background: #E8F5E9; border-radius: 12px; padding: 15px 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; border: 1px solid #A5D6A7;\">\r\n <h3 style=\"color: #1B5E20; margin-top: 0;\">\ud83d\udca1 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0647\u0654 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0648 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/h3>\r\n <p style=\"font-size:16px; line-height:1.8; color:#2E7D32; margin:0;\"> \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u062f\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u06cc\u06a9\r\n \u0628\u0633\u062a\u0647\u200c\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0648 \u06cc\u06a9\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0686\u0647 \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f \u0648 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a. <\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <h3 style=\"color: #2E7D32;\">\ud83c\udf81 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0644\u0648\u062f\u06cc<\/h3>\r\n\r\n\t\r\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: '\u2705 '; padding-left: 20px; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.8;\">\r\n <li><strong>\u0648\u06cc\u062f\u06cc\u0648\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634\u06cc \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc<\/strong> \u2014 \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u0642\u062f\u0645\u200c\u0628\u0647\u200c\u0642\u062f\u0645\u060c \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u06cc \u0648 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0641\u0647\u0645<\/li>\r\n <li><strong>\u067e\u0627\u062f\u06a9\u0633\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0635\u0648\u062a\u06cc \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc<\/strong> \u2014 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u06cc\u062d \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u0648 \u0646\u06a9\u0627\u062a \u062a\u06a9\u0645\u06cc\u0644\u06cc<\/li>\r\n <li><strong>\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 PDF \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc<\/strong> \u2014 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0647\u0654 \u0633\u0631\u0641\u0635\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634\u06cc<\/li>\r\n <li><strong>\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0647 \u0646\u06a9\u0627\u062a \u0648\u06cc\u062f\u06cc\u0648\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u067e\u0627\u062f\u06a9\u0633\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u2013 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0647 PDF<\/strong> \u2014 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639 \u0648 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b<\/li>\r\n <li><strong>\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0635\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u06a9\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc (\u062e\u0648\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0646\u06cc) \u2013 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0647 PDF<\/strong> \u2014 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u06cc<\/li>\r\n <li><strong>\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0635\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u06a9\u062a\u0647 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u06cc \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u2013 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0647 PDF<\/strong> \u2014 \u0646\u06af\u0627\u0631\u0634 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0645\u06cc \u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0686\u0627\u067e<\/li>\r\n\r\n <li>\r\n <strong>\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0635\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u067e\u0631\u0633\u0634 \u0648 \u067e\u0627\u0633\u062e \u062a\u0634\u0631\u06cc\u062d\u06cc \u2013 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0647 PDF<\/strong><br>\r\n \u2014 \u0647\u0631 \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u067e\u0627\u0633\u062e \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0648 \u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u061b \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u062f\u0631\u06a9 \u0639\u0645\u06cc\u0642 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u0648 \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627\u0645.\r\n <\/li>\r\n\r\n <li>\r\n <strong>\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0635\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u067e\u0631\u0633\u0634 \u0648 \u067e\u0627\u0633\u062e \u0686\u0647\u0627\u0631\u06af\u0632\u06cc\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u2013 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0647 PDF (\u0646\u0633\u062e\u0647 \u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639)<\/strong><br>\r\n \u2014 \u067e\u0627\u0633\u062e\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0647 \u067e\u0633 \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f\u061b \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639 \u0648 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u06cc\u062a \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628.\r\n <\/li>\r\n\r\n <li>\r\n <strong>\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0635\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u067e\u0631\u0633\u0634 \u0648 \u067e\u0627\u0633\u062e \u0686\u0647\u0627\u0631\u06af\u0632\u06cc\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u2013 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0647 PDF (\u0646\u0633\u062e\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u062f\u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0628\u062e\u0634)<\/strong><br>\r\n \u2014 \u067e\u0627\u0633\u062e\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0631 \u0628\u062e\u0634 \u0622\u0645\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u0646\u062f\u061b \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u06cc \u0648 \u0633\u0646\u062c\u0634 \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc.\r\n <\/li>\r\n\r\n <li>\r\n <strong>\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u0645\u0631\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a \/ \u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a (True \/ False) \u2013 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0647 PDF<\/strong><br>\r\n \u2014 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u062f\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645\u06cc \u0648 \u062a\u0634\u062e\u06cc\u0635 \u0635\u062d\u06cc\u062d \u06cc\u0627 \u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0646 \u06af\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627.\r\n <\/li>\r\n\r\n <li>\r\n <strong>\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u0645\u0631\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u2013 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0647 PDF<\/strong><br>\r\n \u2014 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0648 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0637 \u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u0648 \u0627\u0635\u0637\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u06cc.\r\n <\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n\t\r\n\t\r\n\t\r\n\t\r\n <p style=\"color: #388E3C; font-weight: bold; font-size: 18px; margin-top: 20px;\"> \ud83c\udfaf \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0654 \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0648\r\n \u0686\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u061b \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u060c \u0635\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u060c \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628\u200c\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0645\u0631\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u062e\u0648\u062f\u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u06cc . <\/p>\r\n <hr style=\"border: none; border-top: 1px dashed #81C784; margin: 20px 0;\">\r\n <h3 style=\"color: #2E7D32;\">\u2139\ufe0f \u0646\u06a9\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0645 \u062e\u0631\u06cc\u062f<\/h3>\r\n <ul style=\"list-style-type: '\ud83d\udd38 '; padding-left: 20px; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.9;\">\r\n <li>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a <strong>\u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0644\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/strong> \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f \u0648 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0647\u0654 \u0686\u0627\u067e\u06cc \u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f.<\/li>\r\n <li>\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628\u200c\u0647\u0627 <strong>\u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc<\/strong> \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\r\n <li><strong>\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647:<\/strong> \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u06a9\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u06cc \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0637\u06cc <strong>\u06f4\u06f8 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062a<\/strong> \u067e\u0633 \u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0628\u062a \u0633\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0634 \u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\r\n <li>\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0628\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u061b \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0634\u062a\u06cc\u0628\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u06cc\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/li>\r\n <li>\u062f\u0631 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0645\u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0644\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0627 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0647 <strong>09395106248<\/strong> \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062f.<\/li>\r\n <li>\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062e\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0648\u0644\u06cc \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u06a9\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a \u0646\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0648 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u0648 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u0645\u06a9 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u062a\u0627\r\n \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u06a9\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\r\n <\/ul>\r\n <p style=\"font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.8; margin-top: 15px;\"> \ud83d\udcac \u0631\u0627\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u06cc \u067e\u0634\u062a\u06cc\u0628\u0627\u0646\u06cc:<br> \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0633\u200c\u0627\u067e \u06cc\u0627 \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u0645\u06a9:\r\n <strong>09395106248<\/strong><br> \u062a\u0644\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645: <strong>@ma_limbs<\/strong> <\/p>\r\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639 SQL: \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0628\u062a\u062f\u06cc \u062a\u0627 \u062d\u0631\u0641\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639 SQL: \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0628\u062a\u062f\u06cc \u062a\u0627 \u062d\u0631\u0641\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc (\u0628\u0627 \u0631\u0648\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u062f Introduction to SQL) \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u06cc \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647: \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f! \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0632 \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u06cc 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